ADA SCIDĪdenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, sometimes called ADA SCID, is caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes the protein called adenosine deaminase. The RAG1 and RAG2 proteins are important in making T and B cells, so these patients are usually missing T and B cells. Because this is inherited in an autosomal recessive way, patients need 2 mutations to have SCID. RAG1 and RAG2 SCID are caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the RAG1/RAG2 genes. Females have two X chromosomes, so if a gene on one is mutated, the other healthy chromosome can compensate. X-linked SCID typically affects males, who only have one X chromosome. Instead of mobilizing lymphocytes to mature, replicate and spread to fight infection when it is detected, a mutated IL2RG gene will do nothing - leaving the body defenseless to infection. The mutation causes the gene to fail to respond to fight infection. X-linked SCID is caused by mutations in the IL2RG gene on the X chromosome.
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